Campbell a



(No Model.)

C. A. MOINTOSH.

WRENCH.

Patnted June 30, 1891 LBBY JQM ATTORNEYS WITNESSES.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

CAMPBELL A. MOINTOSH, OF VANCOUVER, CANADA.

WRENCH.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 455,238, dated June 30,1891.

Application filed November 18, 1890. Serial No. 371,817. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, CAMPBELL A. MoINrosH, of Vancouver, BritishColumbia, in the Dominion of Canada, have invented a new and ImprovedWrench, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description.

My invention relates to improvements inwrenches; and the object of myinvention is to produce a wrench of simple construction in which theparts are strong, easily adjusted, and little likely to get out ofrepair, and which also has a large range, so that it may beeasilyadjusted to various sizes of mits.

To this end my invention consists in certain features of constructionand combinations of parts, which will be hereinafter fully described,and then pointed out in the claims. Reference is to be had to theaccompanying drawings, forming a part of this specification, in whichsimilar letters of reference indicate corresponding parts in all thefigures.

Figure l is a plan view of the wrench with a portion broken away to showthe connection between the double pawl and the teeth of the body. on theline 2 2 of Fig. 1. Fig.3isan inverted plan of the wrench. Fig. 4 is abroken side elevation showing the jaws closed upon a nut, the nut beingindicated by dotted lines. Fig. 5 is a detail side elevation of thecentral gear for operating the parts. Fig. 6 is an inverted plan View ofone of the jaws and the sliding block to which it is fixed, and Fig. 7is a detail View of the plate for holding the center gear in place.

The wrench comprises a hollow head portion which is fixed to a suitablehandle, and a body portion mounted in the head and provided withmechanism for operating the jaws.

The head is formed of two similar circular bands A,which are placedopposite each other, so as to inclose the body, as described below,thebands being formed onone side into shanks A, which are firmly fixedto opposite sides of a handle B, by means of which the wrench is turned.

The bodyD of the wrench is circular in its general contour and ismounted in the head, both faces of the body being flush with the facesof the bands A and the body being held Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section.

- in place in the bands by the teeth D, which project from thecircumference of the body between the two bands A, and which enable thebody to be turned by engaging the pawl, as described below. Extendingacross one face of the body are the two parallel recesses d to receivethe sliding blocks of the jaws, the recesses being out under on theopposite sides, as shown at cl, so that the jaw-blocks will be locked inposition in the recesses, and on the opposite face of the body is acircular recess (Z made in two diameters to receive the center gear andafford space for the teeth thereon and a recess C1 in which the worm foroperating the gear is mounted.

The jaws E protrude from one face of the wrench, the jaws having theirback portions convex to correspond with the shape of the bands A, andhaving their inner faces straight, as shown,although they may be shapedto fit any variety of nut, and the jaws are made integral with theblocks E, which are arranged at an angle thereto and which are shaped toslide in the recesses (Z of the body portionD, the blocks being cutawayon their inner lower edges and provided with teeth 6, which engage theteeth on the center gear, as described below. The jaws E are alsoprovided with depending tongues c, which move between the parallel barsd of the wrench-body, and which thus serve to guide the jaws and also tostrengthen them. The bars 61 are cut away in the center, as shown inFig. l, to permit the passage of a bolt through the wrench.

In the circular recess (1 in the center portion of the body D of thewrench is held a' gear F, which has teeth f on its inner end engagingWith the teeth 6 on the jaw-blocks E, and on its outer larger end areteeth f, which engage a worm G, which is mounted at right angles to thegear in the recess 61 0f the body D, the worm having at one end athumb-wheel G, which is milled in the ordinary way and which projectsslightly from the lower face of the wrench, as shown best in Fig. 4, sothat by turning the thumb-wheel and worm the gear F will be turned, andthis will actuate the jaw-blocks E and'force the jaws together or apart,as the case may be. The gear F is prevented from dropping out of thewrenchhead by a curved plate I, which is fixed to the body of the wrenchso as to overlap the gear; but-other convenient means may be employed.

Pivoted in the shank portions of the wrench-.

5 head between the two parts A is the pawlll,

having two arms H, which extend diagonally forward and diverge, as bestshown in Fig. 1, so that either arm may be brought into e11- gagementwith the teeth D of the body D, according to the way that the wrench isto be turned, and projecting from the rear portion of the body is aspring-plate 71 which engages one of the pins h in the rear portion ofthe wrench-shank, and by removing one of these pins and adjusting theplate in relation to the pins the pawl may be held with either arm inengagement with the wrench-body, as desired, or be disengaged therefrom.

When the wrench is to be used, the pawl II is adjusted according to theway that the wrench is to be turned, the jaws E areclosed upon a nut bymeans of the worm G and the gear F, as described, and the wrench maythen be used as an ordinary wrench, the body 5 turning freely in onedirection and being held in a rigid position by the pawl when it isturned in the opposite direction, and from the shape of the WlGDOll itwill be seen that it may be very conveniently used in places where itwould be impossible to use any of the common forms of wrenches.

Having thus described my invention, I claim as new and desire to secureby Letters Patent- 1. A wrench comprising a hollow head, a body portionmounted therein and provided on its circumference with projecting teeth,a pawl pivoted in the wrench-handle so as to engage the teeth, oppositejaws mounted in the wrench body so as to slide therein,and means foradjusting the jaws, substantially as described.

2. A wrench comprising a hollow head having a suitable handle connectedtherewith, a circular body mounted in the head and provided upon itsedge with projecting teeth, a pawl pivoted in the handle and adapted toengage the teeth of the body, opposite jaws mounted in the body of thewrench so as to slide therein, and a worm-and-gear mechan-- ism foradjusting the jaws, substantially as described.

A wrench comprisinga hollow head having a suitable handle, a circularbody mounted 5 in the head and provided upon its edge with projectingteeth, movable jaws mounted in the body,as shown, means for adjustingthe jaws, and a double pawl pivoted in the handle and provided withdiverging arms to engage the teeth of the body, substantially asdescribed.

i. In a wrench, the combination, with a revoluble body having projectingteeth and carrying suitable jaws, of a pawl pivoted in the wrench-handleand provided with diverging arms each adapted to engage the teeth of thebody, substantially as described.

5. In a wrench, the combination, with a 1101- low head having a suitablehandle and the pins projecting through the hollow portion of the handle,of the revoluble body mounted in the head, said body carrying suitablejaws and having projecting teeth upon its edge, a pawl pivoted in thehandle and provided with diverging arms to engage the teeth of thewrench-body, and a rearwardly-extendin g spring-plate to engage the pinsin the handle, substantially as described.

6. In a wrench, the combination, with the revoluble body having parallelrecesses therein, of jaws fixed upon blocks adapted to slide in therecesses, said blocks having projecting teeth upon their inner edges, asshown, and a worm-and-gear mechanism for moving the blocks and jaws,substantially as described.

'7. In a wrench, the combination, with a revoluble body having parallelrecesses therein, of the jaws having blocks connected therewith andarranged to slide in the recesses, said blocks having teeth upon theirinner edges, a gear mounted in the center of the body and provided withteeth to engage the teeth of the j aw-blocks, and a worm mounted in arecess of the body and adapted to engage the teeth of the center gear,substantially as described.

8. In a wrench, the combination, with the revoluble body having parallelrecesses therein, of jaws fixed to blocks adapted to slide in therecesses, said blocks having teeth upon their inner edges, as shown, acenter gear mounted centrally in the wrench-body and provided upon itsinner end with teeth to engage the teeth of the jaw-blocks and upon itsouter end with teeth, a worm mounted in the recess and adapted to engagethe outer teeth of the center gear, and a thumb-wheel fixed to theworm-shaft so as to project from the face of the body, substantially asdescribed.

9. In a wrench, the combination, with the revoluble body having parallelrecesses and parallel bars between the recesses, of jaws mounted in thebody and provided with movable jaw-blocks to slide in the recesses andwith depending tongues to fit between the parallel bars, a gearcentrally mounted in the body and provided on its inner end with teethto engage with teeth on the j aw-blocks and on its outer end withsimilar teeth, and a worm mounted in a recess of the body and adapted toengage the gear, substantially as described.

10. A wrench comprising a hollow head having a suitable handle attachedthereto, a revoluble body mounted in the head and provided upon its edgewith teeth, said body having a central opening therein and havingparallel recesses in one face, a double pawl pivoted in the handle so asto engage the ioo ITO

teeth of the body, jaws fixed to suitable set of gear-teeth, said wormhaving at one blocks adapted to slide in the recesses of the end asuitable thumb-wheel, substantially as to body, said blocks having teethupon their described. inner edges, as shown, a center gear mounted inthe body and provided With two sets of CAMPBELL MOI-NTOSH' teeth, one ofwhich engage the teeth of the \Vitnesses: jaw-blocks, and a worm mountedin a recess CHAS. M. BOLTON, of the body and adapted to engage the otherIVAN BUSHONG.

